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The child must be kept strictly out of the way of hooping-cough, measles, or any other fever; must be shielded from every risk of catching cold, and having smaller power of maintaining its warmth than others have, must be specially warmly clad, and must live in rooms at a temperature of 60 deg. Fahr., all the year round.
The temperature of the body in health is about 98.5° Fahr. in the grown person, and very slightly higher in childhood; but any heat above 99.5° may be regarded as evidence that something is wrong, and the persistence for more than twenty-four hours of a temperature of 101° and upwards, may be taken as almost conclusive proof of the existence of some serious inflammation, or of the onset of one of the eruptive fevers.
An article left on the floe for any length of time is likely to sink into the surface-ice. Then the salt water will percolate through and the article will become frozen into the body of the floe. Clear weather followed the gale, and we had a series of mock suns and parhelia. Minus temperatures were the rule, 21° below zero Fahr. being recorded on the 6th.
The most usual and reliable tests of the quality of an otto are its odor, its congealing point, its crystallization. The odor can be judged only after long experience. A good oil should congeal well in five minutes at a temperature of 54.5 deg. Fahr.; fraudulent additions lower the congealing point. The crystals of rose-stearoptene are light, feathery, shining plates, filling the whole liquid.
Judicious boiling accomplishes this: and we cannot do better than to follow Liebig's plan to first plunge the meat into boiling water, and boil it five minutes to coagulate the albumen to a sufficient depth to form a crust upon the surface, and thus confine the juices, and then add enough cold water to reduce the temperature to 158° Fahr., if the meat is to be rare, or to 165° Fahr., if it is to be well done; and to maintain this gentle heat until the meat is tender.
It expresses the maximum effect of the given cause, viz., that if all the heat were converted into power, or all the power were converted into heat, 1 thermal unit would produce 772 foot-pounds, or 772 foot-pounds would raise 1 lb. of water 1° Fahr. But there is never a complete conversion of any form of energy.
Garry, raging inwardly, went home in despair; and Kenny, after a tumultuous period of indecision, eliminated a floorful of luggage. In the rebound he took less than he should. He was ready to go when the door opened and the head of Sidney Fahr appeared. Instantly his round eyes bulged with inquiry. "Lord Almighty, Kenny," he said. "You you're not off for anywhere, are you?" "I am," said Kenny.
We have seen boilers when the fire has been drawn, and cold water pumped in to cool them off, so cold on the bottom that they felt cold to the touch, and must consequently have had a temperature considerably below 100° Fahr., while the water on top, above the tubes, was sufficiently hot to scald; and they will remain in such a condition for hours.
This arrangement was maintained on the later journeys. The temperatures were falling below -30° Fahr. at some hours, and, as the men perspired freely while hauling their heavy loads in the sun, they suffered a great deal of discomfort in the damp and freezing clothes at night. Joyce cut down his load on the 13th by depot-ing some rations and spare clothing, and made better progress.
Stryelka, one of our best dogs, gave out to-day. Shot him and fed him to the others. Our advance to the southwest is slow but sure, and every day brings nearer our objective. Temperature at 6 p.m., 6.8 degrees Fahr. Wind, east; force, 2."
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