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In Europe generally the nineteenth century brought to literature a resumption of religious sentiment and of the artistic sense, with their appeal to the emotions, and lyricism became the dominant note in letters. The romanticists turned to history and legend for their material, rather than to contemporary life.
TICKNOR, History of Spanish Literature, 3 vols., 5th ed., Boston, 1882. ESPINO, Ensayo histórico-crítico del Teatro español, Cádiz, 1876. J. A. SYMONDS, Renaissance in Italy, 2 vols., New York, 1888. A. GASSIER, Le Théâtre Espagnol, Paris, 1898. H. A. RENNERT, The Life of Lope de Vega, Glasgow, 1904. HAVELOCK ELLIS, The Soul of Spain, Boston, 1909.
France, on the other hand, is so situated as to feel the cross-currents of European life. Do not these facts explain, at least in part, the relatively insular characteristics of much contemporary Spanish literature? The Spanish literature, however, by its very provincialism is fascinating to those who are interested in Spanish civilization.
But the historical romance turned the mind of the reader away from adventures in classic lands or in the orient, and brought his own land to his attention. It thus caused renewed interest in the one-time native excellence of Spanish literature, and it also paved the way for the national novel of manners.
Como es de presumir, esta última lista sólo contiene las obras, que se distinguen mucho ó poco por su originalidad ó por su novedad, no aquellas otras, que, como la de García de Villanueva, Literature of Europe, de Hallam, y La historia de la literatura cómica de Flügel, sólo repiten lo ya conocido en sus datos y censuras, ni tampoco las que son puramente particulares.
Lefranc, págs. 80 y siguientes. Heldenbuche ó Libro de los héroes, publicado hacia la mitad del siglo XV, por Gaspard de Roen, en donde se compilan muchas canciones heróicas alemanas, aunque casi todas considerablemente alteradas. V. á Ticknor, History of Spanish Literature, página 31, t. I. London, 1863.
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