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Directly after the expulsion of the English, troubles began between King Charles VII. and the Dauphin Louis; the latter could not brook a quiet life in Dauphiny, and the King refused him that larger sphere in the government of Normandy which he coveted.

These pictures fell into the hands of Wellington's troops at the Battle of Vittoria, and are hanging at this moment in Apsley House, Piccadilly, for Ferdinand VII., on his restoration to the throne, presented them to the Duke of Wellington; or rather, to be quite accurate, "lent" them to the Duke of Wellington and to his successors.

This compact was a real disaster to France; the promised dowry of Catherine certain Italian cities was never paid, and the death of Clement VII. in 1534 made the political alliance with the papacy a failure. The influence of Catherine affected and corrupted French history for half a century.

* Rush, vol. vii. p. 43. Whitlocke, p. 145. Whitlocke, p. 145. * Rush. vol. vii. p. 44. Clarendon, vol. iv. p. 656, 657. Walker p. 130, 131 The slain on the side of the parliament exceeded those on the side of the king: they lost a thousand men; he not above eight hundred.

When the news of the fall of Seville, and of the dispersion of the Junta who governed in the name of Ferdinand VII., reached South America, open rebellion broke out at Caracas.

He was followed by Clement VII, a member of the house of Medici, less gifted but not less worldly than Leo X. A new diet, called in 1524, adhered to the policy of its predecessor. It was far from approving of Luther, but it placed no effective barrier in the way of his work.

But whether his Unhappiness's I mean his Holiness's intention, is set for the welfare and utility of Christendom, or for his own insincerity and singular purpose, I remit that to God and to them that know more of the world than I do." Hacket to Cromwell: State Papers, Vol. VII. p. 506. John the Magnanimous, son of John the Steadfast, and nephew of the Elector Frederick, Luther's first protector.

If she has a carriage at command, she may dress more elegantly than if she were on foot. The question of morning and afternoon dress will be found fully treated in Section VII. There is no conversation so graceful, so varied, so sparkling, as that of an intellectual and cultivated woman.

I. From the meanest insect up to man thou shalt kill no animal whatsoever. II. Thou shalt not steal. III. Thou shalt not violate the wife of another, nor his concubine. IV. Thou shalt speak no word that is false. V. Thou shalt not drink wine, nor anything that may intoxicate. VI. Thou shalt avoid all anger, hatred, and bitter language. VII. Thou shalt not indulge in idle and vain talk.

The reaction that had followed the restoration of Ferdinand VII to absolute power crossed the ocean and split the royalists into opposing factions. Quick to seize the chance thus afforded, Bolivar marched over the Andes to the plain of Junin. There, on August 6, 1824, he repelled an onslaught by Canterac and drove that leader back in headlong flight.