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The origins of Communism, Socialism, Anarchism, Nihilism for all four, however diverging or antagonistic in the ends they immediately pursue, spring from a common root have been variously ascribed in France to the work of Louis Blanc, Fourier, Proudhon, or in Germany to Engels, Stirner, and Rodbertus, or to the countless secret societies which arose in Spain, Italy, Austria, and Russia, as a protest against the broken pledges of kings and governments after the Congress of Vienna.
But working I do not call letting your power be felt. Those who only 'seek for work, and are willing to work hard, prepare for themselves inextinguishable lack of work." What we now-a-days call free competition, Stirner refuses to regard as free, since everyone has not the means for competing. "To abolish competition only means to favour members of some craft.
"Richard Wagner who loved humanity when he wrote Siegfried and regretted that love in Parsifal! "Richard Wagner who loved ice-cream more than Dresden's freedom Wagner: the Swiss family bell-ringer of '48! "To Max Stirner, Ibsen, and Richard Strauss belongs the twentieth century! "Nietzsche the anarch of aristocrats! "Karl Marx or the selfish Jew socialist! "Lassalle the Jew comedian of liberty!
As to the first point, I am relieved from any answer in view of the thorough treatment of these questions by the light of modern investigation. The second question I prefer to leave to some professional jurist, who knows the nature of law, and at the same time has every intention of doing justice to Stirner. Dr.
For no one can escape the common law of descent, whether physical or spiritual. Wedekind has had plenty of teachers, not excepting the most valuable of all, personal experience. The sinister shadow cast by Ibsen fell across the shoulders of the young poet, and he has read Max Stirner and Nietzsche not wisely, but too well. Furthermore, Strindberg played a marked rôle in his artistic development.
The contemporaneous appearance of Proudhon and Stirner is of as much importance as their, in many ways, fundamental difference. The first circumstance shows their appearance was symptomatic, and raises it above any supposed or probable outcome of chance; Stirner and Proudhon support each other mutually with all their independence, and with all their difference one from another.
"These have got clear away from the humble, ineffectual individual, 'crushed by life. Full of learned philosophies from Max Stirner and Nietzsche, they preach, in Stirner's words, 'the absolute independence of the individual, master of himself, and of all things. 'The death of "Everyday-ism," the 'resurrection of myth, 'orgiasm, 'Mystical Anarchism, and 'universalist individualism' are some of the shibboleths of these new writers, who are mostly very young, very clever, and profoundly convinced that they are even cleverer than they are.
It is characteristic that even the German followers of Proudhon, as, e. g., Marr, Grün, and others, had a very poor opinion of Stirner, and never dreamed of any connection between his views and those of Proudhon. Moses Hess was, among Germans, the first to seize hold upon the word "Anarchy" fearlessly and spread it abroad.
But Stirner places the reverence of the ancients for the State, the reverence of the Christian for God, and of modern times for humanity and freedom, all upon the same level, they all seem to him ghosts, spectres, possession by spirits and hauntings, and he seeks to establish the same conclusion as regards the ideas of truth, right, morality, property, and love, the so-called sacred foundations of human society.
Such expressions may certainly show Ibsen's Anarchist tendencies, but they by no means elevate him to the position of a teacher; for that position one might sooner quote one of his own most powerful characters, Brand, that modern Faust after the style of Stirner. But Brand is a gloomy figure, who would not make many converts to individualism.
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