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For purposes of comparison with the pantheon of Hammurabi, and of his immediate successors, I give the complete list and in the order mentioned by him in the only inscription that we have of this king. They are Ninib, Gula, Ramman, Shumalia, Nergal, Shir, Shubu, Sin, Belit of Akkad. Moreover, Anu is referred to as the especial god of Der, and a goddess Eria is worshipped in Elam.

So Shamash, Sin, Nin-makh, i.e., the great lady, or Ishtar, Nin-khar-shag, Gula, also appearing as Nin-Karrak, have their temples in Babylon, while Ramman has one in Borsippa, and Gula no less than three sanctuaries perhaps only small chapels in Borsippa. Fourthly, there are sanctuaries of minor importance in other quarters of Babylonia.

The term can hardly be used here in the strict sense of 'towers, but appears to have become a general word for a sacred structure. Ib. col. iii. ll. 22-34. Meissner-Rost, Bauinschriften Sanherib's, p. 7. See, e.g., the list IIIR. 66. An exception is formed by the temple to Ramman in the city of Asshur, which has a special name. See the following note. Including the one to Ramman in Asshur.

They had it in contemplation, in 1795, to take repossession of Sambas, and wrote to Abdul Ramman as to the preparatory measures requisite, when the English war, as before observed, obliged them to abandon Pontiana.

The dependence of this species of identification upon the calendrical system is made manifest by the inferior rank given to the sun, which receives the number twenty, the decimal next to that assigned to Sin, while Ramman, the third member of the second triad, is identified with ten.

His curses are the most dreadful that can befall a nation or an individual, for his instruments of destruction are lightning, hunger, and death. Reference has several times been made to the manner in which Tiglathpileser honors Ramman by making him a partner of Anu in the great temple of the latter at Ashur. But the successors of Tiglathpileser are no less zealous in their reverence for Ramman.

Even though the fields be flooded, Ramman can cause thorns to grow instead of herbs. The same ideograph Im that signifies Ramman also means distress. When the failure of the crops brings in its wake hunger and desolation, it is the 'god of the clouds, the 'god of rain, the 'god of the overflow, whose wrath has thus manifested itself. When Ramman lets his voice resound, misfortune is at hand.

Immediately after the great triad, Anu, Bel, and Ea, there is enumerated a second, Sin, Shamash, and Ramman, and only then there follows Marduk. More than this, Ramman is introduced for a second time in conjunction with Shamash, as in the hymn of Hammurabi. The two are appealed to as 'the divine lords of justice. The conqueror of the Cassites, Nebuchadnezzar I., also holds Ramman in high esteem.

The name of the deity alone may also constitute a proper name; and many names of course do not contain the mention of a deity at all, though such names are often abbreviations from longer ones in which some god was introduced. Jensen, Kosmologie, p. 458. Arnold, Ancient Babylonian Temple Records, p. 5, is of the opinion that Id-nik-mar-tu is also a designation of Ramman.

As we proceed down the centuries, the formal lists at the beginning of inscriptions have a tendency to grow larger. Ashurnasirbal's pantheon consists of Bel and Nin-ib, Anu and Dagan, Sin, Anu, Ramman, and, of course, Ashur, though on special occasions, as when speaking of his achievements in the chase, he contents himself with a mention of Nin-ib and Nergal.