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Pruner-Bey, on negro infants as quoted by Vogt, 'Lectures on Man, Eng. translat. 1864, p. 189: for further facts on negro infants, as quoted from Winterbottom and Camper, see Lawrence, 'Lectures on Physiology, etc. 1822, p. 451. For the infants of the Guaranys, see Rengger, 'Saugethiere, etc. s. 3. See also Godron, 'De l'Espece, tom. ii. 1859, p. 253.

Certain tribes and races of people have characteristic odors. Negroes have a rank ammoniacal odor, unmitigated by cleanliness; according to Pruner-Bey it is due to a volatile oil set free by the sebaceous follicles.

Broca "noticed the perforation in four and a half per cent. of the arm-bones collected in the 'Cimetiere du Sud, at Paris; and in the Grotto of Orrony, the contents of which are referred to the Bronze period, as many as eight humeri out of thirty-two were perforated; but this extraordinary proportion, he thinks, might be due to the cavern having been a sort of 'family vault. Again, M. Dupont found thirty per cent. of perforated bones in the caves of the Valley of the Lesse, belonging to the Reindeer period; whilst M. Leguay, in a sort of dolmen at Argenteuil, observed twenty-five per cent. to be perforated; and M. Pruner-Bey found twenty-six per cent. in the same condition in bones from Vaureal.

Nor should it be left unnoticed that M. Pruner-Bey states that this condition is common in Guanche skeletons." It is an interesting fact that ancient races, in this and several other cases, more frequently present structures which resemble those of the lower animals than do the modern.

Proportions, difference of, in distinct races. Protective colouring in butterflies; in lizards; in birds; in mammals. Protective nature of the dull colouring of female Lepidoptera. Protective resemblances in fishes. Protozoa, absence of secondary sexual characters in. Pruner-Bey, on the occurrence of the supra-condyloid foramen in the humerus of man; on the colour of negro infants.