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Young's specific discoveries were these: that many of the pictures of the hieroglyphics stand for the names of the objects actually delineated; that other pictures are sometimes only symbolic; that plural numbers are represented by repetition; that numerals are represented by dashes; that hieroglyphics may read either from the right or from the left, but always from the direction in which the animals and human figures face; that proper names are surrounded by a graven oval ring, making what he called a cartouche; that the cartouches of the preserved portion of the Rosetta Stone stand for the name of Ptolemy alone; that the presence of a female figure after such cartouches, in other inscriptions, always denotes the female sex; that within the cartouches the hieroglyphic symbols have a positively phonetic value, either alphabetic or syllabic; and that several different characters may have the same phonetic value.

It remained for the Village Indians to invent the process of smelting iron ore to attain to the Upper Status of barbarism, and, beyond that, to invent a phonetic alphabet to reach the first stage of civilization. One entire ethnical period intervened between the highest class of Indians and the beginning of civilization.

Back of the purely objective system of sounds that is peculiar to a language and which can be arrived at only by a painstaking phonetic analysis, there is a more restricted "inner" or "ideal" system which, while perhaps equally unconscious as a system to the naïve speaker, can far more readily than the other be brought to his consciousness as a finished pattern, a psychological mechanism.

Some of the letters were reversed, several inverted, while the forms of others prevented any one from identifying them except the teacher himself. An examination of the pupil developed the same startling originality in Ruggles's system of orthography, which seemed to be a mixture of the phonetic and the prevailing awkward method.

Coriat says, "all stammering, with its hesitation, its fear, its disturbing emotions, is a kind of an association test in everyday life and not a phonetic disturbance. It is a situation phobia, the same as phobias of open or closed places." Consequently, according to this view, stammering is purposeful and intentional and not accidental. This purposiveness is psychological and individualistic.

She betrayed a flash of temper like a trapped she-tiger's, but followed it instantly with her loveliest smile. Like to like, however, the crowd saw the flash of temper and took its cue from that. "Slay him!" yelled a lone voice, that was greeted an approving murmur. "Slay him!" advised the roof in a whisper, in one of its phonetic tricks. "This is a darbar!"

Aston has shown how this poverty is directly due to the phonetic characteristics of the language. Diversities of both rhyme and rhythm are practically excluded from Japanese poetry by the nature of the language. And this in turn has led to the "preference of the national genius for short poems."

He is designated as the 'warrior. The name of the god is written ideographically with a sign that has the meaning of 'servant' and 'man. To this sign the phonetic complement ra is added.

There is concealed in it a particular set of esthetic factors phonetic, rhythmic, symbolic, morphological which it does not completely share with any other language.

Some sort of phonetic spelling. All the modern books I saw were phonetic." "Then I don't want to hear any more, Soames, please." "The proper names seemed all to be spelt in the old way. But for that I mightn't have noticed my own name." "Your own name? Really? Soames, I'm VERY glad." "And yours." "No!"