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Baloey, a Kagan living at Padada, claims to have seen a Bila-an sacrifice at Ma-al, about ten years ago, while Bagobo Datu Ansig of Talun, and Tongkaling of Cibolan claim to have witnessed several of these events.
BLUMENTRITT, Smithsonian Report for 1899. According to Governor Bolton this tribe numbers about thirty-five hundred individuals and occupies a considerable portion of the coast, and adjacent mountains, from the Padada river on the north to Sarangani Bay on the south.
About fifty years ago that part of the tribe living furthest to the north united under the leadership of a brave warrior named Paugok, and made war on the Bagobo. They were successful in this conflict and drove their enemies from the rich valleys of the Padada and Bulatakay rivers, where they established themselves.
One arrived, happily, at the sea by the Padada river, and from it came eels in the sea.
According to their own tales, the Kulaman once held all the coast from the Padada River to Sarangani Bay, but did not extend far back from the sea, since in the mountains lived the Tagakaolo and Bila-an with whom they were constantly at war.
They have intermarried to some extent with the Kulaman, and in times past Bila-an and Bagobo slave women have been added to the tribe. The general name applied to red cotton trade cloth. Today practically all the members of the Kagan division are found living on the American plantations along the Padada and Bulatakay rivers.
The religious beliefs have many points in common with those of the neighboring tribes, but there are some which require special notice. Two powerful beings, TimanEm and his wife Diwata are above all other spirits. The Padada people say the term diwata is a name which may be applied to the timanEm, of whom there are two, a male and a female.
The material here presented was gathered from the people of Labau, the Malalag cogon, and those living near the headwaters of the Ma-al and Padada rivers.
Bakay, one of the busau, is said to be the owner of the deer and pig and is held in considerable esteem by the people of the Padada region, but he is not recognized by the Tagkogon branch of the tribe. Another spirit, Bawi, who owns the rice, is in great favor with the Padada people, but is unknown to the latter group. Flau is the spirit of an unborn child whose mother died in pregnancy.
Datu Baklay who now lives near the Padada river, but was formerly a resident of the Malalag cogon plains, claims that the ceremony is not a yearly event, as is the case with the Bagobo, neither does it follow each death; but if the deceased has been a person of great importance or a member of the ruler's family it should take place in eight days, regardless of the phase of the moon or the position of the stars.
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