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He was a man of probity, but had inherited the violent character of his father. Le Vassor, vol. i. pp. 625-632. Brienne, Mém. vol. i. p. 327. Sismondi, vol. xxii. pp. 393-395. Mézeray, vol. xi. pp. 134-136. Matthieu, Hist. des Derniers Troubles, book iii. p. 603. Richelieu, Unpublished MSS. The words underlined in the text are in the Cardinal's autograph on the margin of the manuscript.

Mézeray, vol. x. pp. 124, 125. Sully, Mém. vol. iii. p. 317. Mézeray, vol. x. p. 125. Charles Emmanuel, Duke of Savoy, surnamed the Great, was born in the château of Rivoles on the 12th of January 1562. He greatly distinguished himself by his gallantry upon several occasions, but tarnished his reputation by an ambition which was unscrupulous.

If Mezeray is to be trusted, Charles broke down on the second day of the massacre. Since Saturday he had been in a state of extraordinary excitement, more like madness than sanity, and at last his mind gave way under the pressure. To his surgeon, Ambrose Paré, who kept at his side all through these dreadful hours, he said: "I do not know what ails me.

Mercure Français, 1610, pp. 510, 511. Matthieu, Hist, des Derniers Troubles, book iii. p. 455. Sully, Mém. vol. viii. pp. 81-84. Mercure Français, 1610, p. 505. Mézeray, vol. xi. p. 11. Claude de la Châtre was originally one of the pages of the Duc de Montmorency, who continued to protect him throughout his whole career.

Mezeray mentions that the detestable Charles IX of France, being under constant agitation and emotion, sank under a disorder which was accompanied by an exudation of blood from every pore of his body. This was taken as an attempt of nature to cure by bleeding according to the theory of the venesectionists.

The Legate, the Sixteen, and the doctors of the Sorbonne, alike favoured this election, and the negotiations proceeded so far that the Spaniards and Neapolitans in Paris rendered him regal honours. Sully, Mém. vol. iv. pp. 128, 129. Daniel, vol. vii. p. 423. Mézeray, vol. x. p. 219. Elisabeth de France, who married in 1615 Philip IV of Spain. Bassompierre, Mém. p. 26.

Mézeray, vol. xi. p. 13. L'Etoile, vol. iv. p. 146. L'Etoile, vol. iv. p. 147. Sully, Mém. vol. viii. pp. 121-124. L'Etoile, vol. iv. pp. 183, 184. Richelieu, Hist, de la Mère et du Fils, vol. i. p. 109. L'Etoile, vol. iv. pp. 192, 193. Charles de Lorraine, Duc d'Elboeuf, was the grandson of Réné, Marquis d'Elboeuf, the seventh son of Claude, Duc de Guise.

He sustained against Duperron, Bishop of Evreux, the famous conference of Fontainebleau, at whose close each of the two parties claimed the victory. Louis XIII deprived him of his government of Saumur; and he died in 1623. Mézeray, vol. x. pp. 254, 255. Bonnechose, Hist. de France, vol. i. p. 438, seventh edition. Bonnechose, vol. i. p. 438.

Read that with attention, and you will know enough of the general history; but when you find there such remarkable periods as are above mentioned, consult Mezeray, and other of the best and minutest historians, as well as political treatises upon those subjects.

Subsequently, however, after the death of her father, the family of Mademoiselle de Mercoeur had objected to the alliance, and it had required all the authority of Henry to compel its accomplishment. Davila, Hist. of Modern Europe, London, 1794, book xv. vol. iii. p. 49. Richelieu, Hist. de la Mère et du Fils, vol. i. pp. 260-277. Mézeray, vol. xi. pp. 55-67. Le Vassor, vol. i. pp. 253-261.