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Mental acuity of this grade combined with amnesia looks more like an hysterical than a manic-depressive process. Leroy describes a case much like ours which is interesting from a therapeutic standpoint. The patient was a woman who passed from a severe depression with hallucinations and anxiety into a long stupor, from which she recovered completely.

A prospect of death, particularly when there is anticipation of being killed, is apt in manic-depressive insanity to occur in a setting of anxiety. Similarly one ordinarily observes fear in the patient who has delusions of drowning or burial.

It is appropriate that she recalled all of her psychosis fairly well with the exception of the pure stupor, which she remembered only as a time when her mind was a blank. I, pp. 415-458. Hoch, August: “A Study of the Benign Psychoses.” Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin, May, 1915, XXVI, 165. A book onthe psychology of manic-depressive insanitywill shortly appear by the editor.

His views on the importance of mental causation and the relation to manic-depressive insanity may be gathered from these sentences: “The condition of the mental portion of the convolutions in stupor is probably analogous to the stupidity of a nervous child when terrified or bullied.” “Stupor is frequently one of the stages of alternating insanity following the exalted condition.

MacCurdy, John T., “A Clinical Study of Epileptic Deterioration.” Psychiatric Bulletin, April, 1916. In the previous chapter mention has been made of our view that manic-depressive insanity is a disease fundamentally based on some constitutional defect, presumably physical, but that its symptoms are determined by psychological mechanisms.

This tendency of the stupor reaction to remain pure or change to hypomania is a peculiarity which seems to put stupor in a class by itself among the manic-depressive reactions, as all the other mood reactions frequently change from one to the other. Although apathy is the central pathognomonic symptom of stupor conditions, there are other mood anomalies to be noted.

F. H. Four years after this attack her mother was a patient in the hospital with an atypical manic-depressive psychosis from which she apparently recovered. P. H. The patient herself was described by superficial observers as being bright, sociable, well-informed and very ambitious.

He can rightly be viewed as the father of modern psychiatry because he introduced a classification based on syndromes and taught us to recognize these disease groups in their early stages. Inevitably with such an ambitious scheme as the pigeon-holing of all psychotic phenomena some mistakes were made. Most of these appear in the border zone between dementia præcox and manic-depressive insanity.

Suppose for a moment that we were dominated by the impulse to externalize all our thoughts and all our emotions, there would be some basis for the common, but inaccurate, saying that everyone is insane. This brings us to a form of insanity which the obsessive may well bear in mind, namely, that known as manic-depressive.

These conditions really constitute a different psychosis in the manic-depressive group, essentially they are perplexity states such as have recently been described by Hoch and Kirby. Not infrequently we see exhibitions of this tendency in what are otherwise typical stupors. At the same time she looked dazed or dreamy.