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At its upper part is the epiglottis, the main guard against the passage of the food into the respiratory tubes, and, at the same time, of the instrument of the voice. It consists of five cartilages united together by a ligamentous substance, and, by distinct and perfect articulations, adapting itself to every change of the respiratory process and the production of the voice.
Chronic cases do not occasion serious pain or constitutional disturbances, but do interfere with locomotion in direct proportion to the existing articular inflammation and periarticular hypertrophy of ligamentous and tendinous structures. Treatment. If possible, keep the subject absolutely quiet, employing the sling if necessary.
Ligation of the saphenous vein at two points, one above and the other below the distended ligamentous capsule, is an old operation, which has undoubtedly given good results in some cases, although it does not seem to be a rational procedure. After-Care. After swelling has fully developed which occurs within a week the subject is turned to pasture and no attention is necessary thereafter.
That ligamentous injuries owing to sprain frequently occur and attendant periarticular inflammations with subsequent hypertrophic changes follow, is a logical inference. Fibrillary fracture of the collateral ligaments may take place in falls or when animals make violent efforts to maintain their footing on slippery streets.
Exostosis of the first and second phalanges is usually due to some form of injury, whether it be a contusion, a lacerated wound which damages the periosteum, or periostititis and osteitis incited by concussions of locomotion, or ligamentous strain. Practically the only exception is in the rachitic form of ringbone which affects young animals.
The application of vesicants or line-firing is beneficial in subacute inflammation of the tendons of the carpal flexors. Where contraction of tendons exists and no osseous or ligamentous change prevents correction of the condition, tenotomy is necessary. The reader is referred to Merillat's "Veterinary Surgery" for a good description of the technic of this operation.
The muscular system is here so weakly developed and so toneless that the posture is determined by the bony structure and its ligamentous attachments. The lordosis resembles the similar deformity which develops in cases of primary myopathy, when the spinal muscles have undergone complete atrophy. As in myopathy the movements are very uncertain.
His face was muscular, ligamentous; with great bars, ridges and whelks of flesh, especially about the jaws and on the forehead. But the eyes fascinated me. They were the eyes of a wild beast, deep-set, sullen and glaring; they seemed to shine like those of the cat-tribe, with a luminosity of their own. This, then I said to myself must be Caesar, the commander of the dreaded Brotherhood.
Van Cuyck of Brussels in 1824 delivered a child which died on the third day from malnutrition. Postmortem it was found that the inferior extremity of the esophagus to the extent of about two inches was converted into a ligamentous cord.
An exploded shell passed through the hamstring muscles of the right thigh and embedded itself in the ligamentous tissues of the internal condyle of the femur. Shot by a ball between the 6th and 7th ribs of the left side. Bayonetted through the body, the steel passing through the left lobe of the liver and penetrating the posterior border of the diaphragm.
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