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Besides these animals, six varieties of Pteropodes were caught; also a Glaucus, differing from that of the Atlantic Janthina penicephala Per., a Planaria, Salpa vivipara Per., a Pyrosoma, resembling that of the Atlantic, and a Lepas, attached to the shell of the Janthina. Our collection of Acalephi was extremely rich; of fourteen kinds taken, only one, Physalia Lamartinieri, was known to us.
Two different species of Actiniæ, seated on stones, were brought up, which were not to be found either in Pennant's British Zoology, or in the Fauna danica. During a calm, by which we were detained two days on the Portuguese coast, Janthina fragilis and exigua, Rhizophysa filiformis, and another species, were brought up.
There were scarcely any gelatinous animals in the sea this day; but many Janthina shells and Velella were round the ship, to which were attached barnacles of different species; amongst this group of islands numerous crabs were swimming about and running over them. Animals resembling a wood-louse were also in the sea, swimming and running about the floating shells and barnacles.
We caught also a new species of Janthina, the float of which, instead of being nearly round and extending over the shell on each side, was spread like a spiral fold from the shell; the breadth of this fold was 0.45 inch, close to the mouth of the shell, and it gradually tapered off to a point, its length being 3.6 inches.
It lived a long time out of water, and appeared to me exactly like an animal I caught on the 21st November 1837, in south latitude 24 degrees 19 minutes; east longitude 107 degrees 8 minutes. We also this day caught a Janthina. They have a little valve for the purpose of taking in air, with which to expand their float. These animals go in company. They emit when touched a brilliant scarlet dye.
Many specimens of the Janthina exigua were found, the bladder-like mass of which was stretched out to a great length, and bent into the form of a hook at the end. On the outer side was observed a fleshy streak, bordered by a close row of small paunches: these paunches, which were externally open, contained a great quantity of brown atoms, apparently spawn, and evidently in motion.
This kind of Janthina is attached to its float by a sort of peduncle, which it has the power of elongating, so that the fish itself sinks, with its shell, and yet remains attached to the float, which continues at the surface. In one instance, I saw this peduncle elongated to a length of 0.9 inches. It may, of course, have the power of sinking itself much lower than I have seen it do.
Caught two or three small insects, somewhat resembling a bug, of a dirty brick colour and several minute species of Diphyes and small jellyfish. August 19. Caught a small Janthina nearly resembling those we had formerly seen, also a small crab, two new species of gelatinous animals, and a Velella. August 20.
We also caught a species of small Janthina, nearly resembling those we had found before, but they were larger; moreover the species of barnacle attached to them was totally different from any we had before found, as if each species of nautilus had its own kind of parasite. This is worthy of attention. August 8.
To one of these shells, the fish in which was alive and well, we found attached a number of barnacles, some of which were of large size. This sort of Janthina was very abundant; today we caught eight, and saw great numbers of them: yesterday we caught a smaller one of a different species.
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