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I will now give some further instances, but wish to insist first upon the necessity of an inquiry on a far larger scale, as the evidence as yet is very scanty. Its flowers are simpler and much more variable than in ordinary garden-varieties. The process of doubling consists mainly in a change of stamens into petals. This change is dependent on the season.

Here it is proved that the older character dominates the younger one. In most cases of wild, and of garden-varieties, the relation between them and the parent-species rests upon comparative evidence. Often the variety is known to be younger, in other cases it may be only of local occurrence, but ordinarily the historic facts about its origin have never been known or have long since been forgotten.

Many garden-varieties, the stability of which under ordinary circumstances is doubtful, because of their being sown too close to other varieties of the same species, have been tested in respect to their stability by different writers and at different times. In doing this it is plain that it is very essential to be sure of the purity of the seed.

By far the greatest part of the ordinary garden-varieties differ from their species by a single sharp character only.

It is an old variety, and absolutely pure when cultivated separately. A long list of other instances might easily be given. Many garden-varieties, that are still universally prized and cultivated are very old. It is curious to note how often such forms have been introduced as novelties. The common foxglove is one of the best examples.