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These words, have a great variety of meanings. For instance, there are passages in the New Testament where despotes means "God" Jesus Christ" Head of a family:" and where doulos means "a minister or agent" a subject of a king" a disciple or follower of Christ."
I will proceed to offer some reasons for the belief, that when the Apostles enjoined on masters and servants their respective duties, they had reference to servitude in general, and not to any modification of it. 1st. You find passages in the New Testament, where you think despotes refers to a person who is a slaveholder, and doulos to a person who is a slave.
"In the New Testament too the word translated 'servant' from the Greek is 'doulas, which is the same as 'ebed' in the Hebrew, and always means a bond slave. Our word 'servant' formerly meant the same, but time and custom have changed its meaning with us, but the Bible word 'doulos' remains the same, 'a slave."
A reference to the prophecy as it stands; in Joel 2: 28, 29, makes it more obvious, that persons in servitude are referred to under the words doulos and doule; and, that the predicted blessing was to be shed upon persons of all ages, classes, and conditions upon old men and young men upon sons and daughters and upon man-servants and maid-servants.
Despotes and doulos are the words used in the original of the expression: "Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace:" doulos in that of the expressions, "servant of Christ," and "let him be servant of all." Profane writers also use these words in various senses.
I scarcely need say, that the Hebrew words rendered "bondmen" and "bondmaids," do not, in themselves considered, and independently of the connexion in which they are used, any more than the Greek words doulos and doule, denote a particular kind of servant.
En gar ti tois douloisin alochunen pherei, Tounoma ta d' alla panta ton eleutheron Oudeis kakion doulos, ostis esthlos e.
I trust that enough has been said, under this my first head, to show that the various senses in which the words despotes and doulos are employed, justify me in taking the position, that whenever we meet with them, we are to determine, from the nature of the case, and from the connexion in which they are used, whether they refer to servitude in general, or to a species of it. 2d.
If thou count me therefore as a partner, receive him as myself." This, then, surely cannot be forced into a justification of the practice of returning runaway slaves back to their masters, to be punished with cruel beatings and scourgings as they often are. Besides the word doulos here translated servant, is the same that is made use of in Matt. xviii, 27.
En gar ti tois douloisin alochunen pherei, Tounoma ta d' alla panta ton eleutheron Oudeis kakion doulos, ostis esthlos e.
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